Developing a proactive X-ray format with the innovation KRASANG MODEL MMXA:(Modified Mobile X-ray Ambulance) to screen for tuberculosis patients Krasang Hospital Buri Ram Province

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health problem in Thailand, with persistently high morbidity and mortality rates. Accessibility to screening services remains limited, particularly in rural areas where transportation difficulties, hospital overcrowding, and diagnostic delays hinder timely detection and treatment. Therefore, it is essential to develop an effective screening system that enables rapid and comprehensive access to high-risk populations.
Objective: To design and develop an innovative proactive chest X-ray model using the KRASANG MODEL MMXA (Modified Mobile X-ray Ambulance) for proactive TB screening.
Methods: This research employed a research and development (R&D) design conducted from 1st October 2022 to 30th June 2024, in Krasang District, Buriram Province. The study population comprised five high-risk groups. The modified ambulance was equipped with a mobile chest X-ray unit, radiation shielding, and an AI-based image interpretation system. Data were collected through screening records and satisfaction questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean).
Results: In 2023 and 2024, a total of 1,832 and 2,115 individuals were screened, respectively. Abnormal chest findings were detected in 25.1% and 20.3%, and 16 and 42 new TB cases were confirmed through sputum and GeneXpert tests. The TB treatment coverage rate increased from 57.3% in 2022 to 85.5% in 2024, exceeding the national target of 85%. Both patients and healthcare staff reported a “very high” level of satisfaction regarding convenience, safety, and service quality.
Conclusion: The KRASANG MODEL MMXA is a cost-effective, safe, and practical mobile X-ray innovation that significantly improves TB screening coverage, accessibility, and diagnostic timeliness in rural settings. It reduces hospital overcrowding, shortens waiting time, and enhances early detection and treatment, contributing to the achievement of the WHO End TB Strategy. This model demonstrates strong potential for nationwide expansion as a sustainable, community-based proactive healthcare service.