Renal Angiomyolipoma Embolization: Case Series
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Abstract
Background: Renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are benign renal tumors that can present with life-threatening hemorrhage. Embolization has emerged as an effective treatment to preserve renal function and reduce morbidity.
Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, procedural details, and outcomes of renal AML embolization in a single-center case series.
Methods: This retrospective case series included 15 patients who underwent AML embolization from January 2018 to May 2025. Data collected included demographics, AML characteristics, embolization technique, complications, and follow-up outcomes.
Results: The cohort had a median age of 47 years (range: 29–75), with 12 (80%) females. Two patients had tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)-related AMLs. The mean AML size was 9.7 cm (range: 4.5–18 cm). Embolic materials included polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles in 12 cases, coil with additional gelfoam in 3 cases and liquid agent (Glue) in 1 case. Technical success was achieved in 100% of procedures. No major complications were observed. At a median follow-up of 3 months, decreased size of post-treated lesion was found.
Conclusions: Embolization is a safe and effective treatment for renal AML, achieving high technical success with minimal complications. This series supports embolization as a first-line treatment for symptomatic or large AMLs.
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