Granulation tissue of the anterior maxillary gingiva mimicking pyogenic granuloma : a case report
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Abstract
Granulation tissue associated with chronic periapical infection may present as a gingival mass and clinically mimic pyogenic granuloma, a reactive lesion characterized by an exaggerated vascular response to various stimuli such as local irritation, trauma from dental plaque or calculus, mechanical injury, certain medications, or hormonal changes. Pyogenic granuloma commonly occurs in the oral cavity, particularly on the gingiva. Accurate differential diagnosis requires a comprehensive evaluation integrating clinical findings, radiographic examination, and histopathological analysis. This case report presents a dark reddish gingival mass located on the labial gingiva between teeth #11 and #12. The lesion appeared as a soft, exophytic mass with a smooth to lobulated surface and bled easily upon manipulation. The patient was asymptomatic. Pyogenic granuloma was initially suspected based on clinical presentation; however, histopathological examination confirmed granulation tissue with inflammatory changes associated with a sinus tract opening secondary to dental trauma of tooth #12. The patient was treated with root canal therapy and followed up for 6 months. During the follow-up period, no recurrence of the gingival lesion was observed. The gingival tissue returned to normal appearance, and radiographic findings demonstrated healing of the periapical lesion
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