Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology for Thyroid Nodules in Buriram Hospital
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Abstract
Background: The incidence of thyroid cancer has been continuously increasing, making pathological diagnosis crucial for determining appropriate treatment strategies. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is universally recognized as the primary standard method for initial pathological evaluation due to its simplicity, speed, and cost-effectiveness.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of thyroid nodules using based on The Bethesda System and to utilize the findings to improve diagnostic quality and efficiency.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study evaluated 219 patients with thyroid nodules who underwent both FNA and subsequent thyroid surgery at Buri Ram Hospital between 1st January 2019 and 30th April 2024. FNA cytological results were compared with histopathological findings to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy.
Results: Of the 219 patients, the majority were female (198 cases, 90.4%) with a mean age of 48.1 ± 15.8 years and a mean thyroid nodule size of 3.9 ± 2.2 cm. Nodules were similarly distributed between the left and right sides (38.8% and 38.4%, respectively). Most were solitary nodules (67.1%) measuring 2-4 cm. (43.8%). The diagnostic performance analysis demonstrated a sensitivity of 79.8%, specificity of 83.1%, accuracy of 81.7%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 76.3%, and Negative predictive value (NPV) of 85.7%.
Conclusions: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) at Buriram Hospital demonstrates a high level of diagnostic accuracy for thyroid cancer screening, with results comparable to previous studies and can be used as a supportive tool in clinical patient management.
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