Impact of Diabetes, Obesity or excessive weight gain on birthweight and pregnancy outcomes, retrospective study in BMA General hospital
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Abstract
Objective: To study the association between diabetic with or without excessive weight gain and
birthweight.
Method: Retrospective study of 577 pregnant women who labourat BMA general hospital and between
18-35 years old were divided to 4 groups; normal weight gains pregnancy group, obesity or excessive weight
gain pregnancy group, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) group and both conditions in pregnancy group.
Result: Five hundred and seventy-seven pregnancies were enrolled. Maternal age, BMI, excessive
weight gain in 4 groups were difference significantly. Average birth weight in each groups were 3,027 3,274
3,210 3,438 grams respectively, were difference significantly (p<0.01). Use logistic regression revealed
that excessive weight gain group had 5 times increase risk to have macrosomia compare with normal weight
gain pregnancy group. DM group was significantly associated with increased risk to occur birth asphyxia,
hypertension and cesarean section (p<0.01). Postpartum hemorrhage was no difference between 4 groups.
Conclusion: The significant risk factor associated with macrosomia was excessive weight during pregnancy.
GDM was associated with birth asphyxia, hypertension and cesarean section.
Key word: Gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal macrosomia, excessive weight gain.
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