Heart Disease in Pediatric Patient

Abstract

Background: Congenital heart disease and rheumatic heart disease are the major heart diseases in children that have an impact on pediatric morbidity, mortality, and health care cost Determining the prevalence and distribution of these serious diseases will benefit for pediatricians and public health administrator to assess health care need and provide medical care in order to improved treatment outcome and patient’s quality of life.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of heart disease in the pediatric patient Material and Method: A retrospective descriptive study. All pediatric cases of heart disease including congenital and acquired heart diseases from 2009 to 2010 were reviewed the medical records.
Results: There were 363 eligible patients diagnosed with heart disease; which of these was congenital heart disease (CHD) 539 cases (84.7%) and acquired heart disease 97 cases (15.3%). The most common congenital heart disease was ventricular septal defect (VSD) 42.1%, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 20%, atrial septal defect (ASD) 10.2% and pulmonary stenosis (PS) 8.9% respectively. Acute rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease was the most common disease in acquired heart disease which accounted for 41.2% which followed by cardiac complication from Kawasaki disease (20.6%). Carditis was the most frequent presented symptom of acute rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease while valvular involvement was typically mitral valve regurgitation and aortic valve regurgitation.
Conclusion: Congenital heart disease is common heart disease in children. The prevalence of congenital heart defects is 84.7% and prevalence of acquired heart defects is 15.3%. The result of this study revealed similar ratio to the earlier studies.
Keywords: heart disease, congenital heart disease, acquired heart disease