Risk Factor of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Buriram Hospital
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Abstract
Background: Retinopathy of prematurity is the important complication in premature baby that caused blindness of the children .
Objective: To study risk factor and incidence of ROP in premature and LBW baby that conducted at newborn intensive care unit of Buriram hospital during January 1st, 2005 to December 31th, 2005.
Research design: Retrospective Descriptive Study
Patient: Premature baby (gestational age < 37 weeks) and low birth weight baby (birth weight < 2,500 grams ) that examined by ophthalmologist.
Method: Data from medical records between January 1st, 2005 to December 31th, 2005 were collected and analyzed by independent t-test for quantity data and odd ratio for quality data.
Result: The premature babies were eye examined 141 patients for ROP screening. In these patient had mean of gestational ages 31 weeks and birth weight 1,949 grams. Mean of oxygen therapy were 9.16 days, 92 patients (65.2%) were oxygen box therapy only, 22 patients (15.6%) had ROP. 17 patients (77.3%) were stage 1,1 patient (4.5%) was stage 2, 3 patient (13.6%) were stage 3 and 1 patient (4.5%) was stage 4. These patients had spontaneous regression 15 patients (68.2%), 2 patients (9.1%) got improved, 2 patients (9.1%) got static and 3 patients (13.6%) got worst. The quantity data were analyzed by independent t-test. Gestational ages and birth weight in ROP patients had lower means than non ROP patients. But the means of length of stay of ROP patients had longer than non ROP patients. The quantity data were analyzed by relative risk and odd ratio found that blood transfusion, CPR of the baby, RDS and aggressived oxygen therapy (oxygen box and ventilator) were the important risk for developed ROP in the premature and LBW baby.
Conclusion: The means of gestational ages and birth weight had lower in ROP patients than non ROP patients with significant statistical analysis. The important risk factors which developed ROP were blood transfusion, CPR of the baby, RDS and aggressived oxygen therapy. Optimal oxygen therapy and avoidance these risk factors of the premature baby can be reduced the incidence of ROP.
Key words: retinopathy, prematurity, oxygen therapy, birth weight.
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References
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