Maternal Characteristics Associated with Early-onset Preeclampsia Compared with Late-onset Preeclamsia Who Delivered in Surin Hospital
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Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia has a detrimental effect on both the mother and the fetus, and this was especially true for early-onset preeclampsia (EOP). Knowing the characteristics of this group of pregnant women will help develop better care.
Objective: To study maternal characteristics associated with early-onset reeclampsia compared with late-onset preeclampsia who delivered in Surin Hospital.
Materials and methods: The study is a case-control study that studies pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia from the ACOG 2020 and delivered in Surin Hospital from 2016 to 2020. The electronics database had 552 cases then divided into two groups, 104 cases of the EOP group and 448 cases of the LOP group. Maternal characteristics were compared between the groups.
Results: Compared with the EOP and LOP, the mean age was 28.1 vs 27.7 years, p-value=0.583, pre-pregnancy BMI 24.8 vs 24.9 kg./m2, p-value=0.835, gestational age at first anc 12.2 vs 13.6 weeks, p-value=0.041. SBP≥160 mmHg (at diagnosis preeclampsia) OR=3.7, 95%CI=1.8-7.7, p-value < 0.001, proteinuria OR=3.2, 95%CI=1.8-5.9, p-value < 0.001, separate OR=2.3, 95%CI=1.1-4.9, p-value=0.022, chronic hypertension OR=2.1, 95%CI=1.2-3.8, p-value=0.015, and previous abortion OR=1.8, 95%CI=1.1-3.3, p-value=0.047 were associated with EOP than LOP. Previous preeclampsia and pregestational diabetes were similar between-group.
Conclusion: Pregnant women with SBP≥160 mmHg (at diagnosis preeclampsia), proteinuria, separation, chronic hypertension (whether the disease can be controlled or not), or previous abortion should be monitored for early-onset preeclampsia. Pregnant women with history of previous preeclampsia or pregestational diabetes should be advised to monitor for signs of both groups of preeclampsia.
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