Exercise for Patients with Frozen Shoulder Based on Physical Therapy

Abstract

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a pathological condition of the shoulder joint characterized by soft tissue thickening and the narrowing of the capsular joint space. The incidence has mostly found between 40 to 60 years old in general population but the etiology is still unclear. Many studies are reported that frozen shoulder is associated with diabetes, high cholesterol and thyroid or overused and inflammation of shoulder area. Conservative treatment is still renowned in frozen shoulder remedy which usually the disease itself takes long time in progression and management. Some studies are reported that progression of the disease could remain 2 years or more. Physical therapy is an adjunctive treatment option aimed at relieving pain. However, manual techniques, including both passive and active movements such as joint mobilizations, exercises, and stretching, can improve range of motions and functional ability in patients with frozen shoulder. In the freezing stage, patients experience pain; subsequently, the frozen stage limits ROM while the pain lessens. Exercise plays a significant role in improving range of motions, muscle strength, and flexibility. Furthermore, it is a key factor in improving functional ability in frozen shoulder patients, which is a great way to achieve faster recovery, leading to a better quality of life.